Dengue - Sao Tome and Principe 26 May 2022 Zomwe Zinachitika Mwachidule Pa 13 May 2022, Unduna wa Zaumoyo (MoH) waku São Tomé and Príncipe udadziwitsa WHO za mliri wa dengue ku São Tomé ndi Príncipe.Kuyambira pa Epulo 15 mpaka Meyi 17, milandu 103 ya matenda a dengue fever ndipo palibe imfa yomwe yanenedwa.Aka ndi koyamba kufalitsa matenda a dengue mdziko muno.Kufotokozera za milanduyo Kuyambira pa 15 Epulo mpaka 17 Meyi 2022, milandu 103 ya dengue fever, yotsimikiziridwa ndi kuyezetsa kwachangu (RDT), ndipo palibe imfa yomwe idanenedwapo kuchokera kumadera asanu azaumoyo ku São Tomé ndi Príncipe (chithunzi 1).Milandu yambiri (90, 87%) inanenedwa kuchokera ku chigawo cha thanzi cha Água Grande chotsatiridwa ndi Mézochi (7, 7%), Lobata (4, 4%);Cantagalo (1, 1%);ndi Autonomous Region of Principe (1, 1%) (chithunzi 2).Magulu azaka omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri anali: zaka 10-19 (milandu 5.9 pa 10 000), zaka 30-39 (milandu 7.3 pa 10 000), zaka 40-49 (milandu 5.1 pa 10 000) ndi zaka 50-59 (6.1 milandu pa 10 000).Zizindikiro zambiri zachipatala zinali kutentha thupi (97, 94%), mutu (78, 76%) ndi myalgia (64, 62%).
Chithunzi 1. Milandu yotsimikizika ya dengue ku São Tomé ndi Príncipe pofika tsiku lachidziwitso, 15 Epulo mpaka 17 Meyi 2022
Kagawo kakang'ono ka zitsanzo 30 zotsimikiziridwa ndi RDT zidatumizidwa ku labotale yapadziko lonse lapansi ku Lisbon, Portugal, yomwe idalandiridwa pa 29 Epulo.Kuyezetsa kwina kwa labotale kunatsimikizira kuti zitsanzozo zinali zabwino pa matenda a dengue oyambirira, komanso kuti serotype yaikulu inali dengue virus serotype 3 (DENV-3).Zotsatira zoyambira zikuwonetsa kuthekera kwa ma serotypes ena omwe amapezeka mugulu la zitsanzo.
Chenjezo la kufalikira kwa dengue lidayamba pomwe munthu yemwe akuganiziridwa kuti ndi dengue adanenedwa kuchipatala ku São Tomé ndi Príncipe pa Epulo 11.Mlanduwu, yemwe anali ndi zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti ali ndi matenda a dengue, anali ndi mbiri ya maulendo ake ndipo kenako anamupeza kuti anali ndi matenda a dengue m'mbuyomu.
Chithunzi 2. Kugawidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a dengue ku São Tomé ndi Príncipe potengera chigawo, 15 April mpaka 17 May 2022
Epidemiology ya matendawa
Dengue ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amapatsira anthu mwa kulumidwa ndi udzudzu.Dengue imapezeka kumadera otentha komanso otentha padziko lonse lapansi, makamaka m'matauni ndi madera ocheperako.Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timafalitsa matendawa ndi udzudzu wa Aedes aegypti ndipo, pamlingo wocheperapo, Ae.albopictus.Kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa dengue, kamene kamatchedwa dengue virus (DENV).Pali ma serotypes anayi a DENV ndipo ndizotheka kutenga kachilombo kanayi.Matenda ambiri a DENV amatulutsa matenda ocheperako, ndipo opitilira 80% amilandu samawonetsa zizindikiro (asymptomatic).DENV ikhoza kuyambitsa matenda owopsa ngati chimfine.Nthawi zina izi zimayamba kukhala vuto lakupha, lotchedwa dengue yoopsa.
Yankho laumoyo wa anthu
Akuluakulu azaumoyo mdziko muno ayambitsa ndipo akuchita izi pothana ndi mliriwu:
Kuchita misonkhano yamlungu ndi mlungu pakati pa MoH ndi WHO kukambirana zaukadaulo wa mliriwu
Anapanga, kutsimikizira ndi kufalitsa ndondomeko yoyankhira dengue
Kuchita kafukufuku wosiyanasiyana wa matenda okhudza matenda komanso kufufuza milandu m'maboma angapo azaumoyo
Kuchita kafukufuku wa entomological kuti adziwe malo obereketsa ndikuchita chifunga ndi njira zochepetsera magwero m'madera ena omwe akhudzidwa.
Kusindikiza nkhani za tsiku ndi tsiku za matendawa ndikugawana pafupipafupi ndi WHO
Kukonzekera kutumizidwa kwa akatswiri akunja kuti alimbikitse mphamvu za labotale ku São Tomé ndi Príncipe, komanso akatswiri ena omwe angakhale nawo monga oyang'anira milandu, kulankhulana zoopsa, entomology ndi ma vector control.
Kuwunika kwa chiopsezo cha WHO
Chiwopsezo pamlingo wadziko pano chikuyesedwa kuti ndichokwera chifukwa (i) kukhalapo kwa vector ya udzudzu Aedes aegypti ndi Aedes albopictus;(ii) malo abwino oberekera udzudzu pambuyo pa mvula yamphamvu ndi kusefukira kwa madzi kuyambira Disembala 2021;(iii) kufalikira kwa matenda otsekula m'mimba, malungo, COVID-19 pakati pa zovuta zina zaumoyo;ndi (iv) kuchepa kwa ntchito za ukhondo ndi kayendetsedwe ka madzi m'zipatala chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa zomangamanga pambuyo pa kusefukira kwa madzi.Ziwerengero zomwe zanenedwazo ndizochepera chifukwa kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a dengue ndi asymptomatic, ndipo pali malire pakutha kuyang'anira ndikuzindikira milandu.Kusamalira odwala matenda a dengue kwambiri ndizovuta.Chidziwitso cha anthu m'dzikoli ndi chochepa, ndipo ntchito zoyankhulirana zoopsa ndizosakwanira.
Chiwopsezo chonse pazigawo ndi padziko lonse lapansi chimayesedwa ngati chochepa.Kuthekera kwa kufalikiranso kuchokera ku São Tomé ndi Príncipe kupita kumayiko ena sikutheka chifukwa dzikolo ndi chilumba chomwe sichimagawana malire amtunda ndipo pangafunike kukhala ndi ma vectors omwe angatengeke.
• Malangizo a WHO
Kuzindikira mlandu
Ndikofunikira kuti zipatala zikhale ndi mwayi woyezetsa matenda kuti azindikire komanso/kapena kutsimikizira matenda a dengue.
Malo azaumoyo kuzilumba zakunja za São Tomé ndi Príncipe akuyenera kudziwitsidwa za mliriwu ndi kupatsidwa ma RDT kuti azindikire milandu.
Ntchito zoyendetsera ma Vector Management Integrated Vector Management (IVM) ziyenera kukulitsidwa kuti achotse malo omwe angawetedwe, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma vector, ndikuchepetsa kuwonekera kwa munthu payekha.Izi ziphatikizepo njira zonse zoyendetsera mphutsi ndi ma vector akuluakulu, monga kasamalidwe ka chilengedwe, kuchepetsa magwero ndi njira zowongolera mankhwala.
Njira zowongolera ma vector ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa m'nyumba, malo antchito, masukulu, ndi zipatala, pakati pa ena, kupewa kukhudzana ndi ma vector.
Njira zochepetsera magwero mothandizidwa ndi anthu ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa, komanso kuyang'anira ma vector.
Njira zodzitetezera
Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito zovala zodzitetezera zomwe zimachepetsa kukhudzidwa kwa khungu ndikugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othamangitsa omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pakhungu kapena pa zovala.Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mankhwala othamangitsa kuyenera kutsatizana ndi malangizo a lebulo.
Zotchingira mazenera ndi zitseko, ndi zotchingira udzudzu (zoyimwiridwa kapena zosathiridwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo), zitha kukhala zothandiza kuchepetsa kukhudzana ndi ma vector pamalo otsekedwa masana kapena usiku.
Maulendo ndi malonda
Bungwe la WHO silipereka ziletso zilizonse zoletsa kuyenda ndi malonda ku São Tomé ndi Príncipe potengera zomwe zilipo.
Zambiri
WHO ya dengue ndi dengue yoopsa https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue
WHO African Regional Office, Dengue factsheet https://www.afro.who.int/health-topics/dengue
WHO Regional Office for the Americas/Pan American Health Organisation, Chida chowunikira komanso chisamaliro cha odwala omwe akuganiziridwa kuti ndi matenda a arboviral https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/33895
Buku la World Health Organisation (26 May 2022).Nkhani Zakufalikira kwa Matenda;Dengue ku São Tomé ndi Príncipe.Kuchokera ku: https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2022-DON387
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-26-2022